Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Case Reports publishes articles in surgical procedures covers musculoskeletal system, foot, ankle, spine, hips & knees. Journal provides an equal platform to orthopedic based medicine as well as personal experience and every case report should reflect these important concepts. Case reports in orthopedic journals include orthopedic surgery and related disciplines, including clinical orthopedics, traumatology, implant design, orthopedic science, pediatric orthopedics, rehabilitation, sports medicine and tissue engineering, adult rheumatology, and pediatric rheumatology.
Orthopaedic surgery is the fastest communication journals and articles are published online within a short time after acceptance of orthopedic surgery case reports. This journal publishes the latest researches and topical debates in all fields of clinical and experimental orthopedics, including musculoskeletal medicine, locomotive syndrome, trauma, pediatrics, oncology and biomaterials, as well as basic researches. Journal of orthopedic surgery case reports dealing with the entire human body, including spine, upper extremities and lower extremities.
Manuscript Submission
Journal accepting submission of Orthopaedic case reports for publication by using Online Manuscript Submission Portal: https://www.literaturepublishers.org/submit.html
(or) also invited to submit through the Journal E-mail Id: editor.cicrj@literaturepublishers.org
Musculoskeletal System
The human musculoskeletal system helps in locomotion of the human body by using Muscular and skeletal systems. The subsystems are Muscles, Skeleton, Bones, ligaments and Bursae. The primary function of this system is to protect the vital organs and allowing the movement of the body. Without the muscle fiber contraction and pull against of the skeleton, we are not able to sit, stand, walk or run.
Bone
Bone Biology deals with the bones, these have their own Blood vessels and living cells that help in their self-growth and repair. Bone is also made up of Protein, vitamins and Minerals. The primary function of the bone is to give structural support and to protect the vital organs of the body. The human body is made up of about 300 soft bones in the beginning, as the adolescence reached the soft bones are matured to hard bones by joining together and had made a count of about 206 bones in the adult skeleton. Some of the bone cells which helps in production, maintenance and modeling are Osteoblasts, Osteocytes and Osteoclasts. In Latin the bones are known as Os, so this study is also known as Osteology.
Orthopedic Disorders and Injuries
Orthopedics is mainly concerned with Muscles, Ligaments and Joints. Any kind of disorder to these areas is referred to orthopedic disorders and injuries. They can be congenital, developmental or acquired, including those of infectious, neuromuscular, nutritional, neoplastic and psychogenic origin. Some of the more common disorders include those of the: Neck, Foot, Toes, Leg, Spine, Shoulder and Elbow etc.
Spine and Spinal Cord Injuries
The 26 bones called vertebrae constructs the spine which helps to stand and bend. There are many disorders related to the spine. Some of them are Scoliosis, Lumbar Spinal Stenosis etc. The group of nerves present in the spine is called spinal cord which constructs the central nervous system along with the brain. The main function of the spinal cord is to send signals from the brain to other regions of the body (Main Messenger). Spinal cord injuries can either be complete or incomplete. If sensations and movements are lost below the injured area, the injury is complete. If some of the sensations remain below the level of injury, it is incomplete injury.
Cartilage Disorders
At joints, the ends of bone tissues are covered by a tough tissue called cartilage. It is mainly useful for shape and support of the body. It prevents the bone from rubbing each other and keeps the bones mobile. Diseases or conditions that affect the cartilage are called cartilage disorders.
Joint Diseases and Replacement
The location at which the two or more bones meet/join together is called Joint. The disorders or injuries caused at this point are referred as joint diseases. Some of the diseases are arthritis, Bursitis and dislocations. All the kinds of these diseases are cured or treated by many methods but the most common method is replacement of injured bone with the healthy bone obtained either from the own body or from the donor.
Orthopedic Oncology
Treatment of Musculoskeletal tumors for Adults and children are called orthopedic oncology. This deals with the study of both benign and malignant tumors of the bones. The tumors will affect the soft tissue as well as bones. The treatment for this condition is as follows Amputations, bone grafting, endoprosthetic reconstructions, etc.
Pediatric Orthopedics
Pediatric orthopedics deals with the musculoskeletal disorders of infants to youngsters. The Child’s musculoskeletal problem is different from the adult because their bones are in the stage of growth and the reaction to injuries will be different from those of adults. Some of the problems with the children are clubfoot, differences in length of the leg, broken bones, Abnormalities in gait, infections and tumors on joints.
Podiatric Surgery
The diagnosing and treatment of disorders or problems encountered with foot and ankle is referred to as podiatry. The surgery that deals with the podiatry are known as podiatric surgery. Podiatry is also known as Chiropodist in the older days. The podiatric surgeons should be well versed in the reconstructive surgery of foot, ankle and lower extremities. They should also be trained in orthopedic surgery, sports medicine, physical therapy, biomechanics and endocrinology.
Gait Analysis
The movement of our whole body from one point to another is referred to as Gait. The measurement of these movements like Walking or Running to find the biomechanical abnormalities is known as Gait analysis. This analysis is useful in medical diagnostics, Chiropractic and Osteopathic Utilizations, Biometric identification and forensics, Comparative biomechanics, etc. This entire study deals with Quantification of parameters during gait as well as interpretation of the obtained results or graph.
Prosthetics and Orthotics
Orthotics is the medical device recommended to people having difficulty in using their arms and legs because of deficiencies and deformities in the body of respective persons. These devices will give comfort by reducing shock. Whereas prosthesis is an artificial limb provided to replace an injured limb. Sometimes the condition like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis also increases the need for prosthetics and orthotics.
Orthopedic Trauma
The subspecialty of orthopedic surgery is orthopedic trauma; it deals with the problems related to musculoskeletal system, bones and joints followed by the physical injury caused. These physical injuries are simply called trauma. To treat those injuries, the surgery utilizes operative and non-operative management. The risk factors for trauma are accidents, imbalanced impact, sudden force applied, etc.
ACL Reconstruction
The anterior cruciate ligament is one of the main ligaments within the knee that connects femur to tibia (ligaments).In the case of injury to ACL, mainly because of out of control play, awkward landings etc. It has to be reconstructed by another ligament either from its own knee cap tendon/ hamstring tendon or from the donor i.e., by autograft or allograft. This reconstruction is usually done by knee arthroscopy. In this, a catheter with tiny camera is inserted into the knee through small incisions that captures the internal structure of knee and help the physicians to do their surgery by endoscopy. The choice of grafting mainly depends on the age factor and in both grafts, the rehabilitation stage plays a crucial role in the recovery of the injured person. As ACL helps in holding the bones at a place, it should be mobile. If the rehabilitation procedure is not followed properly then the ACL becomes less mobile and the bones start rubbing each other and the grafting ends in failure. ACL reconstruction is one of the most trending research topics, as many sportspersons are suffered from this injury.
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
The restoration, reconstruction and alteration of the human body parts to make it look better or normal is known as plastic or reconstructive surgery. The common techniques or procedure followed are autograft, allograft or xenograft based on the requirement or condition which is to be treated. This treatment is mostly carried out in patients suffering from burn accidents and sudden accidents for rebuilding of the bone and also skin grafting. It also plays a role in remodeling the abnormal shape of the body.
Orthopedic Nursing
Nursing is the caring of patients and helps inn rehabilitation stages to get a better and faster recovery. If that nursing is related to musculoskeletal disorders, deals with bones, ligaments and joints then it is called orthopedic nursing. The nurse whose area of interest is in orthopedics then they are called orthopedic nurse. Their role is most important in the later stages of surgery till recovery of the patients.
Dislocations of Bone
When the two bones separated from their corresponding location at the joint, it refers to dislocation of bones. This is generally caused by trauma at joints, unbalanced impact ta the joints, etc. The most common area where the dislocation occurs is Shoulder and Knee. Sometimes the bones of fingers and toes also get dislocated. The symptoms are swelling, pain, redness and difficulty in moving.
Sports Injuries and Medicine
Sports injuries occur most commonly during sports or exercise. The reason for these injuries is the lack of warming up or stretching enough. These injuries are treated by a medicine called sports medicine, a branch that deals with the prevention and care of sports injuries.
Bone Grafting
The surgical procedure that fixes problems with bones or joints is called Bone grafting. It is done by the transplantation of healthy tissue or bone in the place of injured or damaged one either from the own body or from the donor. Generally referred to as Autograft and Allograft, the most commonly used methods in grafting. Synthetic grafts are also placed to gain the biomechanical activity of the injured site in proper manner, called as Alloplastic grafts. This grafting plays a major role in the dental implants and fibular shaft.
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is a disease of the entire joint, involving the cartilage, joint lining, ligaments, and bone. The most common symptoms are joint pain and stiffness. A symptom of osteoarthritis differs depending on which joints are affected and how severely they are affected. Affected joints and muscles may get swollen, especially after extensive activity. These symptoms tend to increase over time rather than show up suddenly.
Biomechanics
Study of structure and function of biological system by the means of mechanics is known as Biomechanics. In the cases of the musculoskeletal system, this study leads to the discovery of implants and Biomimetic structures. It is also a branch of Biomedical Engineering. It is mostly used to cure the disorders and injuries and plays an important role in the reconstruction stages.
